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On April 29, 2017, Ms. Xu spent 247,000 yuan to buy a car at a 4S store in Shanghai. On March 7, 2018, her daughter had a tire blowout while driving. During maintenance, she learned that the tire was not the official standard run – flat tire for that model. Ms. Xu believed that the 4S store was fraudulent and demanded a refund plus triple compensation. The 4S store said it was a defect in the original factory assembly, not fraud. The court held that the 4S store had no fraudulent intent but had a performance defect, and awarded 50,000 yuan in compensation, rejecting other claims.

On May 14, 2001, a Golden Dragon van owned by Shanghai Xiangsheng Medical Device Factory was driving on the Inner Ring Elevated Road in Shanghai. During the journey, the left rear wheel, along with the half – shaft, suddenly flew off. The wheel rolled over the road guardrail and fell from a height of 5 meters, hitting the head of Zhou Lei, a young man walking normally on the sidewalk under the viaduct. Zhou Lei died of craniocerebral hemorrhage despite full rescue efforts by the hospital. After the accident, the Shanghai Traffic Police Corps launched an investigation and commissioned relevant departments to conduct a technical appraisal of the involved vehicle. The appraisal conclusion showed that the deterioration of the lubrication condition of the left rear wheel half – shaft bearing was the cause of the accident. Zhou Lei’s relatives claimed 5 million yuan in compensation from the vehicle owner, the maintenance unit and the manufacturer, believing they all had unshirkable responsibilities. The three parties shifted blame to each other, and the case was difficult to handle due to the lack of authoritative appraisal institutions and industry standards.

In 2012, Ms. Yu spent 444,000 yuan to buy a Mercedes Benz at a 4S store. During maintenance in 2015, she found that the left front tire was reversed. During the annual inspection in 2018, it was found that the models and sizes of the two front wheel hubs were inconsistent, making the vehicle fail to pass the inspection.Ms. Yu believed that the 4S store was guilty of sales fraud and demanded a refund plus triple compensation, totaling 1.81 million yuan. The 4S store stated that the vehicle passed the inspection when delivered, there was no evidence of problems at that time, and Ms. Yu continued to use the vehicle afterwards, so it should not be held responsible.